Many AI scientists unconsciously assume a metaphysical position. It’s usually materialism

Understanding the Metaphysical Assumptions Underlying Artificial Intelligence Development

In the realm of AI research, many scientists often operate under implicit philosophical beliefs that shape their perspectives and conclusions. A prevalent assumption, frequently made without conscious acknowledgment, is rooted in a materialist worldview—that consciousness and intelligence emerge solely from physical matter.

Recently, Ilya Sutskever, a prominent figure in the AI community, articulated a compelling yet philosophically loaded argument. During a talk, he explained:

“How can I be so confident that a digital brain can replicate human intelligence? The reason is straightforward: our own brains are biological computers. Since the brain is a biological computer, why can’t a digital computer, a digital brain, achieve the same capabilities? This is the core reasoning—our biological brain suggests that artificial counterparts can also emulate mental functions.”

This line of reasoning, common among AI researchers, essentially equates biological brains with computers, implying that consciousness and intelligence are merely the result of physical processes.

However, this perspective raises important philosophical questions. It assumes a materialist viewpoint—that matter naturally gives rise to mind—without offering definitive proof. While materialism aligns with scientific methodologies and has a strong track record of success, it remains one philosophical stance among many.

Interestingly, the tendency to consider oneself free from philosophical biases can be illusory. Often, what we consider neutral or purely scientific is underpinned by unexamined metaphysical assumptions. Recognizing and clarifying these foundational beliefs can serve not as a hindrance but as a catalyst—potentially fostering more rigorous reasoning and innovative approaches in the development of AI.

In the pursuit of advancing AI, embracing philosophical transparency may enhance our understanding and guide us toward more comprehensive theories of consciousness and intelligence—whether materialist or otherwise.