Many AI scientists unconsciously assume a metaphysical position. It’s usually materialism

The Philosophical Foundations of Artificial Intelligence: An Examination of Underlying Assumptions

In the rapidly evolving field of artificial intelligence, many practitioners and researchers unconsciously adopt certain philosophical positions, particularly materialism. This worldview, which posits that matter is the sole foundation of all phenomena—including consciousness—shapes much of the current discourse and assumptions within AI development.

Recently, prominent AI scientist Ilya Sutskever articulated a perspective that exemplifies this line of thinking. In a public talk, he explained:

“How can I be so confident in that belief? The answer is that all of us have a brain. The brain functions as a biological computer. Therefore, why can’t a digital computer—a digital brain—perform the same tasks? This is the core reason why AI could one day emulate human cognition, because our brains are essentially biological computers.”

This analogy, equating the human brain with a computer, is widespread among AI researchers. It forms the basis for much optimism about machine intelligence reaching—and perhaps surpassing—human capabilities.

However, it is crucial to recognize that such reasoning is not purely scientific; it is rooted in a metaphysical stance—specifically, materialism. This perspective assumes that consciousness and cognition arise solely from physical matter, and that complex biological processes are sufficient to explain the mind.

While materialism has a strong scientific basis and offers a coherent framework, it remains an unproven hypothesis. Alternative philosophical views, such as dualism or emergentism, challenge the notion that matter alone accounts for consciousness.

Interestingly, claiming to hold no metaphysical perspective often signifies an unexamined or dogmatic stance. A transparent acknowledgment of our philosophical assumptions can enhance clarity and foster more nuanced discussions, potentially increasing the robustness of progress in AI research.

In conclusion, the development and understanding of artificial intelligence are deeply intertwined with our underlying metaphysical beliefs. Recognizing and critically examining these assumptions can lead to a richer, more reflective approach, ultimately advancing the field in meaningful ways.